Reconciling Moral Theories - 889 Words

Reconciling moral theories and determining the compatibility of their particulars can be a daunting task. Determining the compatibility of John Stuart Mill’s modern moral theory of utilitarianism with Aristotle’s pre-modern moral philosophy will involve an in-depth exploration for each moral philosophy, comparing and contrasting the smallest details of each. To start, an understanding of Aristotelian moral philosophy is fundamental. Aristotle basesd his theory on the concepts of â€Å"virtue,† coming from the Greek word â€Å"arà ªte† meaning â€Å"excellence†. In Aristotle’s Nichomachean Ethics, he discusses that there are eleven virtues: courage, ambition, temperance, generosity, good temper, friendliness, truthfulness, wit, justice, magnificence, and magnanimity. Virtues are not are not naturally within us, but the capacity to learn, develop, and utilize them by means of habituation is. To acquire virtue, one must perform good acts, and through these acts, we achieve excellence, which is in-turn, happiness. (NE) Comment by Guest: Should this say Aristotle bases or based Acquiring virtue, as previously mentioned, comes from habit, but Aristotle defines a clear line in being virtuous and acting with virtue. Aristotle believed that to be virtuous, a person must be fully aware of his or her actions; that he or she must intend the consequences of his or her actions; the person derives pleasure and not pain from the act; and that he or she must act with certainty and firmness. In contrasactShow MoreRelatedEssay on Freedom and Determinism in Richard Taylor’s Metaphysics861 Words   |  4 Pagesagree. To resolve the problem, a theory must be established which removes the conflict by either (a) reconciling the conflicting data, or (b) proving one set of data to be false. Metaphysical thought has inspired many theories that attempt to address the conflicting data of determinism and freedom. Freedom, as defined by Hume, is the ability to act according to the determinations of the will. Freedom allows for moral responsibility. Determinism is the theory that everything is caused by antecedentRead MoreEthics in International Environments Essays1348 Words   |  6 Pagesconcern globally that calls for moral responsibility (ethics) in conducting business (Danley, 1983). Ethics in international marketing poses many dilemmas and this is because value judgments differ among different cultures. What is fully accepted as right in one country is completely wrong in another country. Upon a close look of existing ethical frameworks, international marketers cannot fully depend on universal ethical norms like hyper norms. In spite of this, basic moral value should be used in assessingRead More Cognitive Dissonance Theory Essay1027 Words   |  5 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The theory of Cognitive Dissonance states that when individuals are presented with information that implies we act in a way that contradicts our moral standards, we experience discomfort (Aronson, Wilson, and Akert, 1998, P. 191). This is considered Cognitive Dissonance, A psychological term used to describe mental conflict that occurs when beliefs or assumptions are contradicted by new information; arouses unease or tension; relieved by one of several defensive maneuvers:Read More Moral Dilemma Essay1636 Words   |  7 PagesMoral Dilemma As human beings, we are forced to accept the inevitability of being unwillingly confronted with situations that test the strength of our morality and character. In the midst of deep moral conflict we become immensely introspective and we follow our intuition with the hopes of it guiding us towards the morally correct decision. However, how can we be sure that we have acted morally in a situation that is so morbid and perverse that our intuition is completely tornRead MoreUtilitarianism And Its Ethical Approach1709 Words   |  7 Pagesultimate goal of moral action is achieving the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people.† This objective is also considered as the cornerstone of all legislation that should therefore be beneficial for all individuals in society and guiding criterion of every social institution. In other words, it has been anchored in an ethical system that aims to be an alternative for reconciling individual rights and collective pursui t of happiness. In general, utilitarian theory from the point ofRead MoreThe Link Between Corporate Social Responsibility And The Competitive Advantage Of A Company1332 Words   |  6 Pagesthat CSR directly helps these companies to attract, develop inspire leaders has led to the expansion of Corporate Social Responsibility (Hewitt, 2007). Moral obligation, the license to operate, sustainability reputation are four points of Corporate Social Responsibility, which promoters argue about, support (Kramer Porter, 2006). The moral obligations are a duty, which a company can owe but is not legally bound to fulfill. For example if a company such as Google ventures into China, the companyRead MoreEffective Leadership And The Leadership Essay1316 Words   |  6 Pagesreport will also analyze the leadership theories and demonstrate different styles of leadership Mandela implemented in the movie, which aided him to triumph what many other leaders have never accomplished. â€Æ' 2.0 Analysis: - 2.1. Scene 1: - Mandela Invites Pienaar: - Mandel invites Francois Pienaar, a white Afrikaner and South African (Springbok) Rugby team captain, at the government office and motivates him to win the 1995 Rugby World Cup. 2.1.1. Analysis Theory Integration: - Mandela invites PienaarRead MoreEssay about The Sociological Framework of Harriet Martineau1007 Words   |  5 Pagesframework of classical sociological theory, numerous sources, including Ritzer, investigate this brave new world of unified science and empirical foundation. They are moving amidst the theory park of speculative philosophical systems in sociology and yet they are turning to theoretical applications such as elementarist, holistic, and interactionist approaches. This technique is employed in order to make classical social theory more meaningful and to better engage theory with useful research (SandywellRead MoreComparing Schmitt s And Arendt s Theory Of The Political1260 Words   |  6 Pagesdistinction dictated by the sovereign. Opposite his view is Arendt, who perceives the political existing with the masses so as to ensure happiness exist. In today’s political climate the oscillation between these two views is the masses believe in Arendt’s theory, whi le in actual practice of power, Schmitt’s view is currently exercised. The political is then argued as either an autocratic regime or a democratic government. Where Arendt agues for the later, it’s feasibility is highly improbable. Schmitt’s conceptRead MoreEffective Leadership And The Leadership Essay1398 Words   |  6 Pagespresident. Thereby, the report will also analyze the leadership theories and demonstrate different styles of leadership Nelson Mandela implemented in the movie â€Å"Invictus†. 2.0 Analysis: - 2.1. Scene 1: - Mandela Invites Pienaar: - Mandel invites Francois Pienaar, a white Afrikaner and South African (Springbok) Rugby team captain, at the government office and motivates him to win the 1995 Rugby World Cup. 2.1.1. Analysis Theory Integration: - Mandela invites Pienaar at the president office

E Books And E Ink Readers - 1489 Words

E-books and e-ink readers have a number of weaknesses when compared to a more traditional paper book. Most of these are addressed by the Kindle in one way or another but one of them that had not yet been addressed was the ability to loan books. One of the great things about owning a great book is recommending it to friends and letting them read it. Amazon has made a first step towards fixing that problem though it is not a perfect first step. First is understanding what you can do. Amazon will allow you to loan a Kindle book for 14 days. During that time you will not be able to read the book yourself. In addition you will only be able to loan Kindle books which have that feature enabled and you will only be able to loan a book once. Finally, if your not in the USA you are currently not able to do this at all. These limitations are almost certainly concessions with publishers, but they still limit the value of these service considerable. In order to loan a book you need to open amaz on.com and go to the manage your kindle section. There you will be able to see all of the books that you have bought from amazon. Next to each of the books is a + sign to expand. Click that and you will see more information. If you are able to loan it there will be a button there which says Loan this book. Click on that and you ll enter the email address of the person you want to loan the book to. You will also need to enter your name and have the option of adding a personal note. If youShow MoreRelatedEssay about Maintaining Competitive Advantage in the E-Reader Industry1474 Words   |  6 Pagesthe E-reader Industry Amazon’s competitive advantage in the e-reader industry due to their top selling ‘Kindle’ electronic reading device, still in its infancy, will be difficult for any rival in the industry to achieve. While electronics design and manfacturing are not Amazon’s core competency by any means, Amazon’s Kindle e-Reading device has beat out its biggest rival, electronics heavy-weight Sony, by an estimated 30% higher device sales in 2008. 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The individual who came up with the brilliant idea was Joe Jacobson who had been a professor at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). From 1995 to 1999 radical changes arise. ForRead MoreHistory Of E Ink Corporation Company1122 Words   |  5 PagesHistory E Ink Corporation was co-founded in 1997 by five individuals by the name of J.D. Albert, Barrett Comiskey, Joseph Jacobson, Jerome Rubin and Russ Wilcox. Electronic ink is the visual component in electronic paper exhibitions. For instance, the technology is frequently used in mobile phones and e-readers. The individual who came up with the brilliant idea was Joe Jacobson who had been a professor at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). From 1995 to 1999 radical changes arise. For exampleRead MoreThe Kindle, By Amazon Kindle Essay1492 Words   |  6 PagesThe Kindle is an e-reader primarily owned by Amazon, but has many manufacturers (1). The first e-reader on the market was the Ectaco jetBook (2). 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Evaluation of Business Plan Reuben Hills

Question: Discuss about theEvaluation of Business Planfor Reuben Hills. Answer: Introduction Reuben Hills has been determined to become one of the leading coffee shops situated in the heart of Sydney. A coffee shop is a place where people from different age groups come to distress themselves either to read a book or meet a close friend. The main target audience of Reuben Hills would be the young couples, students from the nearby universities to have a cup of coffee which is prepared from the best of the coffee beans. The coffee bar also compliments its target audience with brownies along with free books which their customers can read and enjoy the visit to the coffee bar (Ford, Bornstein, Pruitt Siegel, 2007). The main objective of Reuben Hills is to become one of the best - selling coffee shops in the area. Secondly, to maintain its gross profit by more than 60% and churn profits from the first month operation. The mission of Reuben Hills is to create a unique place where customers can come have a good time with their friends. The management head at Reuben Hills is to distress its customers in regards to friendly customer interaction, great ambience, providing best quality products convenient location (Young, 2007). It shall be seen that, Reuben Hills will invest its profits in order to increase the satisfaction amongst the employees have stable return for their shareholder. Market Analysis: Industry analysis: Coffee consumption has shown a rise of approximately 2.5% as compared to last decade. It has been witnessed that, retail of coffee is flourishing in Sydney. The local climate at Sydney helps the customers to have non - alcoholic beverages. Drinking coffee has become a status symbol part of the lifestyle in Sydney (Smith, 2016). Market Segmentation: Reuben Hills has focused mainly on the marketing activities in order to reach out to one of the largest audiences i.e. college students followed by the faculty members, people working in offices teenagers (Stutely, 2002). The following chart depicts the market segmentation of Reuben Hills: (Source: Ingram, 2016) Target Market Segmentation: The main target markets for Reuben Hills are those who want to sip a cup of coffee in a relaxed atmosphere. The segregation amongst customers can be made on the basis of age, occupation, location their taste and preferences (Quora.com, 2016). Coffee bar has been referred to as one of the favourite places for college students as they can meet their friends, read a book or study in some a beautiful atmosphere surrounded by the smell of the coffee beans. Market Needs: It has been evaluated that, the current market trends towards the consumers in Sydney also plays an important role in the growth of the coffee industry. Some of the factors which lead to an increase in the opportunity of coffee bars are small indulgencies for something exotic unique (McKeever, 2012). Competition Buying Patterns: The major competitors for Reuben Hills which have been witnessed in Sydney are Starbucks, Reuben Hills, Single origin roasters, Coffee Alchemy, Sample Coffee, Brewtown newton, Gumption and John Smith caf. Reuben Hills has made its place in the heart of the customers by the best - selling coffee beverage, cozy home like atmosphere to sit and relax (Lau, 2005). It has attained competitive edge by serving the body and mind of the customers. This will have helped Reuben Hills to grow its market share. One of the main reasons why a customer comes back to a specific coffee shop is because of its tasty coffee, home like atmosphere and prompt customer service. Selling premium and rich coffee has helped Reuben Hills to build a strong clientele base for near future (Morris, Heyer LaFlamme, n.d.). Marketing: Products: Reuben Hills offer its customers with the bestselling coffee beverage in its area. It shall be seen that, high quality coffee beans and products are utilised by the same. The store layout, menu cards other activities are focused to maximise the sales of the beverage along with coffee other refreshments such as brewed coffee, tea, brownies, sandwiches salads (Ingram, 2016). The customers would be given a complimentary free book or a magazine to read it inside the coffee bar. Product description: The main product offered by any coffee shop is espresso based coffee such as Latte, cappuccinos mochas. The product will be prepared with either wholesome, soy skimmed milk (Ghandour, 2014). The coffee beverages are prepared in the espresso machines by forcing hot water at a high pressure. These shots are then mixed with milk to make it the best - selling espresso. Sales techniques: Approximately 2,500 flyers have been distributed in the neighbourhood areas such as shopping malls, office buildings, etc. before the grand opening of Reuben Hills (Fullen, 2005). Strategies and Tactics The main focus of any business model is to earn levels of profits, get new customers, retain the existing ones get more customers who spend more and come back quite often. At Reuben Hills, the competitive edge has been attained by the following ways i.e. comfortable sofas and seating arrangements, dim lighting and relaxing music will help the customers to distress themselves from day to day arrangements (Ford, Bornstein, Pruitt Siegel, 2007). Another tactic which is used by Reuben Hills is to speed up the customer service Sales Forecast Sale forecast for Reuben Hills is depicted as follows: Sales forecast Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Sales Beverage 300,400 370,440 431,984 Coffee beans 90,600 97,260 100,000 Others (brownies, sandwiches, etc.) 193,000 174,700 174,656 Total Sales 584,000 642,400 706,640 Direct Cost of Sales (DCOS) Beverage 90,600 97,260 100,000 Coffee beans 44,000 48,200 51,900 Others (brownies, sandwiches, pastries, etc) 69,800 79,380 95,424 Direct cost of sales subtotal 204,400 224,840 247,324 Financial Plan Some of the start-up expenses to be borne by Reuben Hills have been listed as under: To attain license permits along with various accounting services will amount to AUD 1,300 Promotional expenses for the opening of the Reuben Hills would amount to AUD 3,500 along with printing of the flyers @ AUD 0.04 (Abrams, 2003) Fees for the consultant who would help to set the Reuben Hills would be AUD 3,000. Other petty expenses such as stationery items utility deposits Some of the start-up assets which have been attained by Reuben Hills as follows: Operating capital worth AUD 67,123 (inclusive of employee own salaries) Inventory costs such as AUD 16,000 (which includes 12 different types of coffee beans; retail supplies such as cleaning material, paper napkins, trays, serving plates, spoons, glasses coffee mugs) Total amount reserved for equipment to be used at Reuben Hills such as espresso machine, coffee maker, grinder, other service equipments such as microwave, refrigerator, dish washer, toaster and other miscellaneous expenses (Abrams, 2003). There are two main ways from which Reuben Hills will procure its funds i.e. loans from bank investments from its owners. It shall be seen that, the plan to operate coffee bar in Sydney has been completed within the desired budget. This marks the success of the business plan. It shall also be evaluated that, the coffee bar had started to churn profits from the first month of its operations. There are certain assumptions which have been made by Reuben Hills which have been depicted as under: General Assumptions 1st year 2nd year 3rd year Current interest rate 9.8% 9.8% 9.8% Long term interest rate 10% 10% 10% Tax rate 25% 25% 25% Cash Flow: Based upon the evaluation of Cash Flow for Reuben Hills the following cash position for the same has been witnessed. (Source: Abrams, 2003) As we look at the cash flow chart, it is seen that the company has maintained healthy cash flow which will help them to pay off its debt and use the funds in the best possible manner. Cash Flow (AUD) 1st year 2nd year 3rd year Cash sales 584,000 642,000 706,640 Cash from operations 584,000 642,000 706,640 Sales Tax 0 0 0 Borrowings 0 0 0 Cash received 584,000 642,000 706,640 Expenditure Cash Spent 130,000 153,800 170,144 Bill payments 322,465 378,715 405,945 Spending on operations 452,465 532,515 576,089 Current borrowings 3000 3000 3000 Long term liabilities 0 4885 4761 Purchase long term assets 0 1000 1500 Cash spent 455,465 541,400 585,350 Net cash flow 128,235 101,000 121,290 Critical Risks There are various types of risks when starting a coffee shop some of them have been discussed as under: Choice of an unsustainable location: Location plays an important role in success of any business model. The location of the coffee bar shall be in close proximity of its target audience. The coffee bar shall be easily located by the target group in all weather conditions. Renting a property on busy streets might look attractive but the rent for the same will be a major constraint. Therefore, it is not always a good idea to have a business location on such streets (Barrow, Barrow Brown, 2008). Inefficient espresso workstation: A proper space shall be utilised by the baristas to carry out their high demand work in the best possible manner. It is an important task to ensure less movement in that particular area (Morris, Heyer LaFlamme, n.d.). Breakdown and spoilt food: Coffee bars are known for its cooking and use of various equipments. The owners of the coffee bars shall be prepared for unexpected fail of the equipment (Daniels, 2002). For example, fire insurance is one of the main insurance which shall be catered to in any restaurant or coffee business. Failing refrigerators can also lead the perishable items to go waste. Food poisoning: Legal action can be taken in case a customer suffers from food poisoning from the meal provided by your business. Such types of costs are referred to as hard hitting for the caf. Therefore, product liability insurance comes into place for such type of business model (Barrow, Barrow Brown, 2008). While operating such businesses one should take care of proper hygiene and food handling practices. Fire damage: It shall be kept in mind that, in case of restaurant/ caf business fire can occur from any of the electrical equipments which are used in the business. Fire insurance shall be done by the business owner to cover any type of fire damage during various events such as rain, hail storms, etc (Abrams, 2003). Injuries to customer: Injuries to customer in form of illness or damage to customer by spilling or falling due to wet floor are some common instances which occur while operating caf businesses. In such cases, public liability has been referred to as a crucial factor in caf businesses. Some of the costs which are covered under the same are medical expenses, legal fees and other compensation for damaged property (Cooper, McNeill, Floody Cooper, 2005). Recommendations Conclusion Some of the recommendations to Reuben Hills have been listed as follows. They are as under: Loyalty programs: Loyalty programs are a must for coffee shops. Loyalty program in coffee shops can be as simple as a free cup of coffee for a coffee lover. This will help to enhance the customer experience and he/she will cherish this moment always. Offering a free Wi-Fi connection refers to another example of loyalty program at the coffee shop. Promotional advertising: Use of various advertising promotional activities together will help to enhance the shopping experience in a coffee shop. Free coupons in the local newspaper magazines shall be used in order to make the presence felt by the target group. In house advertising: In house advertising refers to clear visible store signage, people walking on the road, etc. Selection of the name of the coffee shop also plays an important role in enhancing the coffee experience. References Abrams, R. (2003).The successful business plan. 1st ed. Palto Alto, Calif.: Planning Shop. Barrow, C., Barrow, P. and Brown, R. (2008).The business plan workbook. 1st ed. London: Kogan Page. Cooper, B., McNeill, G., Floody, B. and Cooper, B. (2005).Start and run a restaurant business. 1st ed. Bellingham, Wash.: Self-Counsel Press. Daniels, P. (2002).Restaurant business start-up guide. 1st ed. Chino Hills, Calif.: Venture Marketing. Ford, B., Bornstein, J., Pruitt, P. and Siegel, E. (2007).The Ernst Young business plan guide. 1st ed. Hoboken, N.J.: J. Wiley Sons. Fullen, S. (2005).Opening a restaurant or other food business starter kit. 1st ed. Ocala, Fla.: Atlantic Pub. Group. Ghandour, A. (2014). Identifying Dimensions of Business Continuity Plan from Common Expressions among Business Continuity Professionals.International Journal of Business Administration, 5(3). Global Action Plan: EcoTeams. (2012).Social Business, 2(1), pp.49-59. Ingram, D. (2016).Coffee Shop Marketing Strategies. [online] Smallbusiness.chron.com. Available at: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/coffee-shop-marketing-strategies-10413.html [Accessed 15 Dec. 2016]. Lau, L. (2005).Managing business with SAP. 1st ed. Hershey, PA: Idea Group Pub. McKeever, M. (2012).How to write a business plan. 1st ed. Berkeley, CA: Nolo. Morris, D., Heyer, C. and LaFlamme, L. (n.d.).The successful coffee house. 1st ed. Pinson, L. (2008).Anatomy of a business plan. 1st ed. Tustin, CA: Out of Your Mind and Into the Marketplace. Quora.com. (2016).When starting a coffee shop, what are the major risks to look out for? - Quora. [online] Available at: https://www.quora.com/When-starting-a-coffee-shop-what-are-the-major-risks-to-look-out-for [Accessed 15 Dec. 2016]. Restaurant marketing. (2007). 1st ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall. Smith, L. (2016).The top five risks for cafes and restaurants. [online] Hospitality. Available at: https://www.hospitalitymagazine.com.au/Management/The-top-five-risks-for-cafes-and-restaurants [Accessed 15 Dec. 2016]. Stutely, R. (2002).The definitive business plan. 1st ed. London: Financial Times Prentice Hall. Young, P. (2007).Business plan. 1st ed. Chandni Chowk, Delhi: Global Media.

Leukemia Essays (2273 words) - RTT, Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Leukemia According to the Cancer Book from the American Cancer Society, Leukemia is a cancer of the blood. It was first identified as a new disease in around 1830 in Germany. The scientific term, "leukemia," comes from the Greek words that mean "white blood." The disease is described as a cancerous disorder not just of the blood itself, but also of the organs that produce the blood cells in the body. The organs are mainly the bone marrow and the lymph system, where normal red and white cells, lymph cells, and platelets grow before entering the bloodstream. Normal cells usually go through the same process but with differences in rate, number, and function ability. With the disease, the bone marrow will not be able to produce the sufficient levels of red blood cells and platelets, while the white blood cells will produce so rapidly that the cells will not become mature enough to fight off infections. As the disease progresses, the whole blood system will become useless due to the vast amount of immature cells produced. If a person with the disease is not treated, there will be excessive bleeding and infections until the body reaches the point where it becomes defenseless. The body will make minor injury or infection very serious. Leukemia itself does not always kill people. Instead, people die from infections such as small virus or bacteria because there are not enough normal white blood cells in the body. Also, people could die form internal bleeding, which could have been prevented by the platelets. Leukemia appears more commonly in adults then children. A survey in 1989 stated that approximately 25,000 new cases of the disease are diagnosed annually in the United States, 22,500 of them are adults and only 2,500 are children. It also shows that men are affected by leukemia 30 percent more frequently than women. Ten years ago, about 17,000 people die from the disease each year. Many of the advanced industrial nations have increased the study of leukemia since the 1930s. In the Personal Health Report, the information stated that there are two major types are leukemia: "Lymphocytic leukemia which involves lymphoid committed cells which form and mature in the lymphatic system, and granulocytic leukemia which affects myeloid committed cells which form and mature in the bone marrow" (355). Each of the two types can occur in either acute or chronic form. Acute form usually affects young cells that are still in the process of growing; they can divide very quickly and may speed the progress of the disease. The chronic form involves the mature cells that reproduce in a low rate or the ones that have stopped dividing. According to the Home Medical Guide, acute lymphocytic leukemia is most commonly seen in children between the age of two and nine. In this type of leukemia, males are affected more frequently than females. Before treatment was available, the average survival rate is only 5 to 6 months. As treatment developed, more then 95 percent of all children are putted into complete remission. Both adult and childhood disease can be cured in around four years, and the therapy can be discontinued. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is the most common form of cancer found in the industrialized countries. Like acute lymphocytic, it occurs more frequently in males then in females. The patients that are affected by chronic lymphocytic leukemia are usually older then any other patients with different types of leukemia. The cause of this specific type of disease is still unknown: Strong evidence points to problems of function and control in the immune system diagnosis is very often discovered by accident in the course of routine blood testing for other medical reasons, since fully 25 to 30 percent of newly diagnosed patients have no symptoms...the degree of bone marrow infiltration by small lymphocytes is a much more accurate sign of degree of disease. (452) According to the Home Medical Guide, acute granulocytic leukemia usually occur in older ages: "The typical patient is thirty to sixty years old, the frequency of the disease increasing with age. The natural course of untreated this disease leads to an average survival of only two to five months" (451). With chemotherapy, the survival rate can be lengthened to about 5 years. Around 75 percent of the patient can be cured with a complete remission. This type of leukemia can cause heart attacks and strokes by blocking the arteries: "It is treated by removing large numbers of white cells from the patient's blood and increasing the intensity of the chemotherapy"(453). Over 50 percent