Reconciling Moral Theories - 889 Words

Reconciling moral theories and determining the compatibility of their particulars can be a daunting task. Determining the compatibility of John Stuart Mill’s modern moral theory of utilitarianism with Aristotle’s pre-modern moral philosophy will involve an in-depth exploration for each moral philosophy, comparing and contrasting the smallest details of each. To start, an understanding of Aristotelian moral philosophy is fundamental. Aristotle basesd his theory on the concepts of â€Å"virtue,† coming from the Greek word â€Å"arà ªte† meaning â€Å"excellence†. In Aristotle’s Nichomachean Ethics, he discusses that there are eleven virtues: courage, ambition, temperance, generosity, good temper, friendliness, truthfulness, wit, justice, magnificence, and magnanimity. Virtues are not are not naturally within us, but the capacity to learn, develop, and utilize them by means of habituation is. To acquire virtue, one must perform good acts, and through these acts, we achieve excellence, which is in-turn, happiness. (NE) Comment by Guest: Should this say Aristotle bases or based Acquiring virtue, as previously mentioned, comes from habit, but Aristotle defines a clear line in being virtuous and acting with virtue. Aristotle believed that to be virtuous, a person must be fully aware of his or her actions; that he or she must intend the consequences of his or her actions; the person derives pleasure and not pain from the act; and that he or she must act with certainty and firmness. In contrasactShow MoreRelatedEssay on Freedom and Determinism in Richard Taylor’s Metaphysics861 Words   |  4 Pagesagree. To resolve the problem, a theory must be established which removes the conflict by either (a) reconciling the conflicting data, or (b) proving one set of data to be false. 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